Many cultures believe that Friday the 13th is an unlucky day, and this phenomenon has become one of the most widespread superstitions. There’s even a scientific name for the phobia associated with this superstition: paraskavedecatriaphobia. In modern psychology, it is believed that people tend to expect negative events on this day because of their inner fears, so all the “misfortunes” that happen to them on this day are a manifestation of the so-called expectation effect.
However, most people still believe in numerous superstitions about Friday the 13th and try to be extra cautious on this day. Read more about the origins of Friday the 13th superstitions and what not to do on this day in Komersant ukrainskyi
The origin of the superstition about Friday the 13th
There are several versions of the origin of this superstition. One of them comes from Scandinavian mythology. According to a popular Norse myth, once 12 gods gathered for a festive dinner in the paradise of Valhalla, but unexpectedly they were joined by the 13th uninvited god Loki. He persuaded the blind god of darkness, Haldr, to kill the god of happiness, Baldr, with an arrow made of mistletoe. After Baldr’s death, the world was gripped by grief, and the number 13 became associated with misfortune.
Another fairly widespread theory dates back to the Middle Ages, when on 13 October 1307, the French king, Philip IV, ordered the arrest of thousands of Knights Templar, who were subsequently tortured and executed. This version is so popular due to its frequent references in literature and the film industry, particularly in the novel The Da Vinci Code. However, there is no historical evidence to confirm that this event was the beginning of the superstition.
Another version is the connection with the lunar calendar. It is believed that the full moon falls on the thirteenth day of the month, and this day is not favourable for starting new businesses, medical operations or conceiving children. According to some statistical studies, there is an increase in crime, accidents and suicides during the full moon.
In the Christian tradition, Friday is considered an unlucky day because it was the day Jesus Christ was crucified, and some researchers claim that the crucifixion took place on the 13th of Nisan according to the Jewish calendar. In addition, historical evidence suggests that there were 13 guests at the Last Supper with Jesus, and that Jesus was executed afterwards.
What not to do on Friday the 13th
Due to the fact that this day is associated with bad omens, some people try to avoid certain actions on Friday the 13th that they believe may cause bad luck. The most popular superstitions include:
- Don’t start new businesses: It is believed that any new projects started on this day may not be successful.
- Long journeys should be avoided: Many people avoid long journeys on this day, believing that it can lead to trouble. Moreover, sailors believe that it is not worth going to sea on the 13th, as such a trip may be unsuccessful.
- It is necessary to refrain from signing important agreements: There is a belief that important decisions or agreements signed can be unsuccessful if done on Friday the 13th.
- Try not to walk under stairs or ladders: In some countries, this is associated with bad luck, so you should try to avoid walking under stairs on this day. If you can’t get around it, it’s advised to cross your fingers.
- Avoid black cats: A black cat running across the road is considered bad luck, so to avoid bad luck, it is usually advised to cross your fingers or spit over your left shoulder.
- Do not get out of bed with your left foot: This action can be seen as a harbinger of bad luck throughout the day.
- Be careful with mirrors: There is a belief that if you break a mirror on Friday the 13th, you will face seven years of misfortune.
- Don’t look back: In many cultures, looking back on this day is considered a bad omen.
- Be especially careful at home: It is recommended to avoid any risky activities such as climbing ladders or using dangerous tools.
In addition, when a group of 13 people gathers at the table on this day, it is also considered a harbinger of misfortune for one of the attendees.
How many Fridays are left in 2024: when to expect the next Friday the 13th
Not counting Friday, 13 September, there are 16 Fridays left in 2024. The next Friday the 13th will be on 13 December 2024. Interestingly, this year there are two Fridays on the 13th, while in 2025 there will be no Fridays on the 13th, so next year will be without this significant date.
Despite the existence of a number of superstitions, it’s up to everyone to decide whether or not to believe that Friday the 13th is bad luck. However, most people treat this day as an ordinary date, believing that it is just a cultural myth.
The author: Olya Yushko