Society

Black smoke over the Vatican: the first vote of the conclave is over

Today, on May 7, a conclave was held in the Sistine Chapel of the Vatican. 133 cardinals from 71 countries were to elect a new pope. This was reported by "Komersant Ukrainian" with reference to Sky News.

According to the publication, black smoke appeared from the chimney above the Sistine Chapel. This means that the cardinals did not come to a decision during the first vote of the conclave and were unable to elect a new pope.

Now, starting tomorrow, a maximum of four votes per day will be held until the new pope is elected.

How is the new Pope elected?

The election of the Pope is held in a closed session during the conclave. At the time of writing, 137 cardinals under the age of 80 can participate in the conclave, although the official limit is 120. The overwhelming majority of these cardinals were appointed by Pope Francis, which largely forms the ideological basis of the upcoming election.

“The group that elects the pope is the most influential electorate in the world,” writes the Financial Times.

Unlike the election of political leaders, the process of electing a pope is completely closed to public pressure. Cardinals are isolated, limited in communication, and vote after a series of prayers and discussions.

How does the voting take place?

Voting in the conclave is a series of secret rounds, during which each cardinal voter writes the name of his candidate on the ballot. To elect a pope, at least two-thirds of the votes must be cast (if there are 137 voters, 92 votes). If the number of cardinals is not divisible by three, an additional vote is required.

Voting rounds. Four rounds are held daily: two in the morning and two in the afternoon. After each session, the ballots are burned in a special furnace, and the smoke goes out through the Sistine Chapel chimney:

• Black smoke (with added chemicals) means that the pope has not been elected.
• White smoke signals the successful election of a new pontiff.

Announcement ofthe result. Once the required majority is reached, the new pope chooses a name, and the cardinal protodeacon announces to the world Habemus Papam!

The process can last from several hours to several days. For example, the election of Pope Francis in 2013 took two days, while in the past conclaves could last for weeks.

Who are the favorites for the papacy?

After the death of Pope Francis on April 21, 2025, attention has focused on the papabili – potential candidates for the office of pope. Although speculation about a successor during the pontiff’s lifetime is considered disrespectful, discussions have intensified since his death. Here are the key candidates:

1. Pietro Parolin (Italy, 70 years old). Vatican Secretary of State, whom the US Catholic calls “a consummate diplomat.” He participated in the 2014 US-Cuban thaw and the Vatican’s 2018 agreement with China. His moderate views make him a favorite in times of geopolitical instability.
2. Luis Antonio Tagle (Philippines, 67). A charismatic and media-friendly cardinal who could become the first Asian pope. His progressive views on social justice are close to Francis’, and his fluency in English makes him a unique candidate.
3. Peter Turkson (Ghana, 76). A representative of Africa, where the Catholic population is growing. His liberal views on the environment and homosexuality are controversial, which reduces his chances as a unifying candidate.
4. Peter Erdo (Hungary, 72). A conservative intellectual who is considered a compromise choice. His experience in managing the church under Hungarian autocracy could be valuable.
5. Mykola Bychok (Ukraine, 45). The youngest cardinal, bishop of the Melbourne Eparchy of the UGCC in Australia. His candidacy is a “wild card” because of his youth and active position on the war in Ukraine. As Daniel Gallagher noted in Crisis Magazine, history shows that young popes are not uncommon.